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年年体检还得肺癌,是因为方法不对
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/3445AE/30973956407048006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/065.jpg?sign=1738979082-gWo0n4UdXWro6sCkj4pTtAlpIrnQkQYE-0-8a5ff33be16260ddd395acec71cef6cf)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/3445AE/30973956407048006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/066.jpg?sign=1738979082-dbc0cJO0kXGYskw1x8hOZiVxnXi5iTuD-0-abf52981257bcf14a37f5bf81adeb3a3)
X线胸片检查容易遗漏直径小于2厘米的病灶,有22%~63%的肺癌可能被漏诊。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/3445AE/30973956407048006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/067.jpg?sign=1738979082-Z1vHLUYzaewPaaLnMmabTu3Kpg5I4qwd-0-aba79bdc94e2c3a376f56d47bf41698d)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/3445AE/30973956407048006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/068.jpg?sign=1738979082-ELCLvA5xi0smEQLHR5B4SRJ1Y2anMRcR-0-a6f52f46a7d9bbe2a669d6bad420d2f3)
以下四种人需要重点筛查肺癌:年龄>50岁;吸烟史超过20包年(包年是指每天吸烟的包数乘以吸烟的年数);长期暴露于二手烟环境超过20年;长期工作在密闭的或粉尘颗粒较多的环境中。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/3445AE/30973956407048006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/069.jpg?sign=1738979082-R3ysfHGanwyGXzrodEu7CQ6YWKzw9Cgq-0-4d78b9de1c79bc6457db71b1a06aef26)
1.咳嗽。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/3445AE/30973956407048006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/070.jpg?sign=1738979082-Bsaz54IRfv5MPrI7ZSIhyvPSrZFcr2kw-0-472dfb9a25d088d3886b21f0175ead4e)
咳嗽为刺激性咳嗽,一旦出现在长期吸烟者身上,初期可能只有咳嗽症状,表现为刺激性、阵发性地干咳,较剧烈,病程很长。
2.血丝痰。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/3445AE/30973956407048006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/071.jpg?sign=1738979082-NJva3w3TEo2YY53dFuMOjTdxMZAc3NfS-0-a2e253dc9bcb603492e1511494f0707e)
间歇或断续性地出现痰中带血。
3.发热。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/3445AE/30973956407048006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/072.jpg?sign=1738979082-nYmDsTopmakbdbDDTiLe62pofm7T4zu9-0-10fe6c909149bedb41519851a0ceffaa)
轻者仅有低热,重者可有高热,用药后可好转,但很快又会发热。
4.胸口疼。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/3445AE/30973956407048006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/073.jpg?sign=1738979082-4N86ZABS3tS20698lF7U9hcIKHSqnMjV-0-e9d0a143539dc7649f5773c0cea82e84)
胸部闷痛、隐痛,部位不固定。
5.声音嘶哑。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/3445AE/30973956407048006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/074.jpg?sign=1738979082-DuFA9Bvn7S0TMnLdFkXL58hyH1k6SVSD-0-1b7c3b98b60f0bec70778d8061e6df74)
5%~18%的肺癌患者以声音嘶哑为主诉。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/3445AE/30973956407048006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/075.jpg?sign=1738979082-db9xrYoWIkWw3xbt1QTPo9VcPOmm0GY1-0-7b7ef67eeab7dd701fbee063f7adea49)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/3445AE/30973956407048006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/076.jpg?sign=1738979082-E02rMrjYdYCfFxLNfxgBAVjqm5PF4ssR-0-f1c1c8d21b75cebc7f1c5a6ce7a565df)
低剂量螺旋CT还会利用计算机技术对病灶进行三维重建,有利于对病灶性质进行分析并进行随访。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/3445AE/30973956407048006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/077.jpg?sign=1738979082-09cYmp1NfCX0SnuCfm0cvQTtLN9oNL0Y-0-ddebced7d071ab52bcaec7d7632e8288)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/3445AE/30973956407048006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/078.jpg?sign=1738979082-AdA6YMcDa8kRaJohHR1NqpdKi6PTlBZW-0-f2153578095f55d4a4f4bd771666a665)
还有,痰细胞学检查可以筛查脱落的癌细胞,但就算痰细胞学检查阴性,也不能排除肺癌的可能性。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/3445AE/30973956407048006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/079.jpg?sign=1738979082-tA0L1umKYS8DTNovtRGRbhsiDkro80Ft-0-6b6517c30f7da747b3a399e43749883e)